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<title>Picturing US History</title>
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Picturing United States History: An Interactive Resource for Teaching with Visual Evidence is a digital project based on the belief that visual materials are vital to understanding the American past. This website provides online "Lessons in Looking," a guide to Web resources, forums, essays, reviews, and classroom activities to help teachers incorporate visual evidence into their classrooms. The Picturing U.S. History site will also serve as a clearing house for teachers interested in incorporating visual documents into their U.S. history, American studies, American literature, or other humanities courses.
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<link>http://picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/</link>
<copyright>Picturing U.S. History by  American Social History Project is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License.
Based on a work at www.picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://www.picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/about.php Permission to use images have been obtained from their respective right's holders. Creative Commons license pretains to textual content, layout, and original textual works. </copyright>

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        <title><![CDATA[Rediscovering Jacob Riis: Exposure Journalism and Photography in Turn-of-the-Century New York ]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[Robert Snyder reviews pioneering scholarship on the work of photographer, Jacob Riis, authored by historian Daniel Czitrom and photographic historian, Bonnie Yochelson.  In Rediscovering Jacob Riis, Czitrom and Yochelson reveal the complex legacy of the famous social reformer who brought attention to the plight of the urban poor.]]></description>
		<link>http://picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/item.php?item_id=400</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jun 2011 12:49:18 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Vistas: Visual Culture in Spanish America, 1520-1820]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[&amp;ldquo;Vistas,&amp;rdquo; a website developed with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities by art historians and anthropologists at numerous academic institutions, explores sacred and secular artwork, architecture and common objects in all areas of Spanish America from conquest to independence.  A gallery of over 100 images and accompanying explanatory passages can be viewed according to time period, or within six discrete themes: pre-Columbian Aztec and Inkan forms, objects used in daily life by a range of social classes, the visual expressions emerging from the enormous ethnic diversity within the Spanish empire, the ways in which new works were funded, supported, and produced in Spanish America, the ways in which art and architecture were used to maintain certain social hierarchies and political arrangements, and how people in Spanish America explored the sacred and the afterworld through art.  All explanations focus not only on how and why the piece was produced, but also on how objects and artwork have been understood and assigned meaning over time.  The gallery includes a diverse set of images, including pyramids, sketches, rosaries, teapots, commissioned paintings, hand-woven baskets, cathedrals, city plans, silver emblems, coins, portraits, carved crucifixes, and blueprints.  The site curators have actively worked to include objects produced by a diverse set of people, including members of craftsmen guilds, explorers, bureaucrats, indigenous people, African slaves, mixed race people, priests, city dwellers and farmers.  In addition to this gallery of images and accompanying essays, &amp;ldquo;Vistas&amp;rdquo; includes an extensive glossary of terms, an annotated inventory of on-line resources including listings for museums, collections, primary documents, and archives, as well as works of history and art history.  An extensive bibliography searchable by theme, region and material type will prove especially useful for teachers and students.  The website can be viewed in either English or Spanish.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.smith.edu/vistas/</link>        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 14:25:53 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Picturing the Thirties]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[This treatment of the 1930s produced by the Smithsonian Institution uses photographs, artwork, news reels, documentaries, interviews and music to present a multimedia museum.  It also allows users to create their own documentary films on the 1930s by saving artwork to files and using tools provided by the website to generate documentary style film.  Divided into three virtual floors, the museum consists of eight galleries featuring different themes: the Depression, the New Deal, the Country, Industry, Labor, the City, Leisure, and the American People.  Each gallery features a virtual tour guide who introduces the theme.  On the wall are a number of notable works of art owned by the Smithsonian Institution.  Photographs relevant to the theme sit on shelves.  These works are of all different styles.  Users can click on each image for identifying information.   A camera provides documentary film and news reel footage from the 1930s on everything from the congestion and environmental hazards of industrial city living to a heralded soap box derby competition.  A radio in each themed room offers music from the era.  Listeners can hear everything from &amp;ldquo;Which Side Are You On&amp;rdquo; to &amp;ldquo;Franklin D. Roosevelt&amp;rsquo;s Back Again.&amp;rdquo;  A theater on the first floor offers two short films &amp;ndash; one an examination of how abstract artists were affected by and responded to the Depression, and one a tutorial on visual literacy in both photographs and painting.  This film treats such topics as artist angle, distance, context, and documentary technique.  The tutorial can be used by teachers in conjunction with the tools for creating documentary films provided on the third floor of the museum.  The third floor also includes a link to lesson plans for classroom teachers, but as of summer 2010, this link appears to be broken.  Please note that Flash is required for making maximum use of this website.]]></description>
		<link>http://americanart.si.edu/education/picturing_the_1930s/</link>        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 14:25:38 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Seattle Photographs]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[&amp;ldquo;Seattle Photographs&amp;rdquo; presents digitized versions of a sizeable portion of the University of Washington Libraries Seattle Photograph Collection.  Numbering over 3000 images, the website allows users to browse or search .jpg format reproductions of collection holdings dating from the late nineteenth century to the present.  The bulk of material is from the first half of the twentieth century.  Though the site was first prepared in the year 2000, it has been updated with new photographs and more extensive photograph descriptors in the decade since.  Most of the available photographs are street scenes of different Seattle neighborhoods including Fremont, Ballard, West Seattle and the Capital Hill District.  A list of common neighborhood search terms is provided on the right-hand side of the front page of the website.  In addition to photographs of buildings, streets, and transportation, the collection includes aerial views, advertisements, postcards, floor plans and a few photographs of interiors of exhibitions, houses, museums and municipal buildings.  Most photographs do not present people as their primary subjects.  Users can browse the entire collection through thumbnail versions of each photograph, or browse subjects according to Library of Congress Thesaurus for Graphic Materials terms.  These range from the wide (cityscapes, advertisements or postcards for example) to the narrow (banjos, Chinese restaurants or goggles, for example).  Browsing the collection with the Library of Congress&amp;rsquo; Subject Headings provides even more exact searching.  Users can specify a street corner, a church, or a beach, for example, and see how that location changed over time in the resulting photographs.  Simple searching is also available.  Users can bookmark and share images through a variety of social media options.]]></description>
		<link>http://content.lib.washington.edu/seattleweb/index.html</link>        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 14:25:26 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Images from the History of Medicine]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[The digitized collection of the History of Medicine Division of the United States National Library of Medicine spans nearly 70,000 images dating from the fifteenth century to the present.  The vast majority of these are concentrated in the period before 1900, and over a third of the images are portraits of medical luminaries throughout history.  The images include photographs, cartoons, posters, book illustrations, advertisements and graphic art.  The images deal with a wide variety of topics relevant to medicine.  Among the subjects covered are medical procedures and practices like physical therapy, bloodletting, and amputations, campaigns to the public like blood donation, organ donation and the fight against sexually transmitted disease, and editorial comments on subjects like alcoholism, abstinence and mental health.  The collection is international in scope, and some images include text in languages other than English.  Each image is accompanied by a sidebar with relevant bibliographical information.  Users can both browse and search the image database.  The site&amp;rsquo;s search features are effective, but somewhat difficult to use.  It is recommended that users first read the &amp;ldquo;help with searching&amp;rdquo; section.  Registered users can save images and add external images to a &amp;ldquo;media group.&amp;rdquo;  Using the site&amp;rsquo;s &amp;ldquo;workspace,&amp;rdquo; a user can resize and reorient saved images in order to build presentations and slideshows.        ]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/ihm/</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:59:24 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Face-to-Face: A Blog from the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Face-to-Face Blog of the National Portrait Gallery Smithsonian Institution launched in 2008.  Along with information about events, exhibitions and other Smithsonian news, it features posts by National Portrait Gallery staff about individual portraits in the Gallery&amp;rsquo;s collection.  Many entries use the portraits as illustrations for a story about the documented individual.  Examples of such posts include the story of how President Calvin &amp;ldquo;Silent Cal&amp;rdquo; Coolidge came to gain his nickname, an examination of President Franklin Roosevelt&amp;rsquo;s phobias, and a study of how Domingo Ghirardelli came to found the successful California chocolate distributor.  Other posts provide background about the making of an image, itself.  Among notable examples of this kind of treatment are a description of how the film star Greta Garbo understood her professional persona as an image, an examination of how and why the sculptor Jo Davidson created his iconic portrait of the philanthropist and patron Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, and the circumstances surrounding the 1880 Charles M. Bell portrait of the Lakota leader Red Cloud.  Together, the blog posts provide snapshots of different periods, movements, perspectives, and cultures in American history.  Blog posts cover a variety of diverse lives, including those of Elvis Presley, Stonewall Jackson, Gertrude Stein, Julia Child, Thurgood Marshall, Booker T. Washington, and Frederick Douglass, along with numerous less well-known individuals.  In many cases, these searchable posts are supplemented by podcasts of Face-to-Face gallery talks held weekly at the National Portrait Gallery.]]></description>
		<link>http://face2face.si.edu/</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:46:55 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Editorial Cartoons of J.N. &amp;quot;Ding&amp;quot; Darling]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[The cartoonist Jay Norwood &amp;ldquo;Ding&amp;rdquo; Darling drew thousands of editorial cartoons over the first four decades of the twentieth century.  Darling worked for the Sioux City Journal, the New York Globe and the New York Herald Tribune, but he was most associated with the Des Moines Register and Leader (now the Des Moines Register) where he worked early and late in his career.  The proofs of Darling&amp;rsquo;s cartoons are held by Drake University&amp;rsquo;s Cowles Library.  The website makes digitized copies of over 6000 of these proofs available to the public, allowing users to zoom, magnify, clip, reorient and email images.  Users can save images into a &amp;ldquo;my favorites&amp;rdquo; folder and images can also be copied into files on the user&amp;rsquo;s computer.  The site features sophisticated search options, allowing users to browse images by decade, subject term, illustration descriptors, date, people, place, year, events, era and even cartoon text.  Decade browsing options allow users to refine searches by topics on which Darling commented frequently during the decade, and by techniques that Darling used frequently.  Darling had somewhat idiosyncratic views. He championed environmental preservation and conservation long before it became popular, condemned racial prejudice and discrimination, rebuked organized labor for contributing to inflation, expressed skepticism about the New Deal and the Democratic Party, and commented on foreign policy.  Together, the images in the database show the variety of political and social changes that occurred from the Progressive Era through World War II.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.lib.drake.edu/heritage/ding-darling/index.html</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:44:37 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Doris Ulmann Photograph Collection]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[Since the 1950s, when they were transferred from Columbia University, the University of Oregon has held the largest collection of Doris Ulmann photographs in the world.  Ulmann was a leader of the Pictorialist Movement.  She made her start by photographing famous artists and intellectuals including John Dewey, Max Eastman, Sinclair Lewis, Lewis Mumford, Martha Graham, Paul Robeson and Lillian Gish.  In the late 1920s, Ulmann began a series of photographs documenting the everyday lives of the people of Appalachia, the Georgia Sea Islands, and other areas of the rural South.  Often these photographs revealed the nature of the work of their subjects, featuring people holding tools.  Assisted by the Kentucky-born folklorist and expert on Appalachian music John Jacob Niles, Ulmann continued to contribute to this body of work until her death in 1934.  The University of Oregon collection includes over 2700 silver gelatin plate negatives, 300 original matted prints and close to 80 albums.  Over 1700 of Ulmann&amp;rsquo;s photographs are available online.  Each photograph contains a descriptive title, location information, and details on the technical format of the photograph.  The collection includes many shots of a single subject, allowing teachers to show students how Ulmann constructed these photographs.  The collection is browsable by ten different themes: Berea College, Berea College &amp;ndash; Craftsmen, Berea College &amp;ndash; Craftswomen, Celebrity Portraits, Craftsmen, Craftswomen, Rural Portraits, Rural Scenes, Still Life, and the University of Kentucky.]]></description>
		<link>http://oregondigital.org/digcol/ulmann/index.php</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:37:28 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Documenting the Southeast Asian American Experience]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[This collection contains some 1500 images and 4000 pages of related textual material from the collections of the University of California-Irvine&amp;rsquo;s Southeast Asian Archive.  Images and text focus on post-1975 refugees and immigrants to the United States from Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, tracing their departures from their mother country, their stay at refugee camps throughout Asia and their lives in the United States.  The site offers information about five Southeast Asian ethnic groups: Cambodians, Laotians, Hmong and lu-Mien, Vietnamese and Ethnic Chinese, though the largest collections document the experience of Laotian and Vietnamese Americans.  Users can read short essays on various aspects of Southeast Asian American life within six broad categories: Escape and Survival, Cultural Practices, Social Issues, Economic Conditions, Educational Conditions and Political Issues.  Each of these categories has a variety of subcategories.  Among the most fruitful for history teachers are sections on historical context, religion, occupational struggles, homeland politics and domestic politics.  Users can search images and text according to these themes and subthemes, as well as by ethnic groups, material format and keyword.  The vast image collection is largely photographic prints &amp;ndash; many of them dating from the twenty-first century &amp;ndash; but also contains paintings (including original works created by Vietnamese refugees awaiting entry to America from within Hong Kong camps), artifacts, ephemera, letters, maps and posters.  Available textual materials include transcripts of oral histories, speeches, books, articles, governmental reports, and brochures.  Many of these brochures were produced by Southeast Asian American advocacy organizations.  Users can upload documents and images into a variety of social networking sites for later access.  A section of the website devoted to teaching resources was scheduled to be completed by Winter 2008, but as of Summer 2010 is not yet available.  Still, teachers will find the database of images helpful in reconstructing the experience of Southeast Asian immigrants to the United States, and in documenting Southeast Asian American communities today.]]></description>
		<link>http://seaadoc.lib.uci.edu/index.html</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:34:07 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[City of Pullman Image Collection]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[This collection of more than 1200 photographs and postcards documents the history of Pullman, Washington and its environs.  First settled in 1874 and formally established in 1881, Pullman was designated as the site of Washington State University in 1891.  As such, librarians at Washington State University curated the online catalog in partnership with the Neill Public Library, the Whitman County Historical Society and other local institutions.  The site is hosted by Washington State University&amp;rsquo;s library.  Users can search photographs by a variety of predefined terms, or by date, place, keyword, or photographer.  Among the most unusual images available are pictures of football teams (including Washington State&amp;rsquo;s 1916 and 1931 entries to the Rose Bowl), the aftermath of historic floods, horse auctions, parades, university mascots, and the University of Idaho &amp;ndash; Moscow campus, located only a few miles from Pullman.  There are also pictures of local governmental buildings, churches, railroad depots, hotels, and streets.  While many pictures include people, the focus is largely on crowds rather than on individuals.  The bulk of the photographs are from the first half of the twentieth century, though there are significant portions of the collection from later years as well.  This online collection will be especially helpful to teachers in the Pullman area, or for those who wish to show students images of northwestern towns at particular moments in history.]]></description>
		<link>http://content.wsulibs.wsu.edu/cdm-pullman/</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:27:57 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Cartography: Historical Maps of New Jersey]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[Curated by Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, this website provides dozens of historical maps of New Jersey.  The vast majority of maps included on the site are digitized from the holdings of Rutgers Special Collections.  These are supplemented by maps held by the Library of Congress, the New Jersey State Library and other repositories.  The earliest map dates from approximately 1639, and the collection spans to the late twentieth century.  The site includes maps for all historical and contemporary New Jersey counties and for many towns in New Jersey.  Specialized maps document New Jersey&amp;rsquo;s natural features including ice movement, geology, watersheds, inland waterways, forests and land types.  Other maps explore New Jersey&amp;rsquo;s man-made constructions including maps documenting the locations of canals, civil divisions, postal routes, high schools, tourist sites, prisons, railroads, mines, quarries, state parks, campuses and roads in different eras.  These maps were produced by a wide variety of groups, including corporations, governmental agencies, entrepreneurs, adventurers and advocacy organizations.  In many cases, entire volumes of atlases and surveying reports can be viewed page-by-page.  A section on New Jersey&amp;rsquo;s Revolutionary War history includes maps of battles as well as links to pamphlets from the era.  The 1872 New Jersey Atlas is available in full.  The site links to state, county and town historical societies, and provides a list of tips for students researching local history.  ]]></description>
		<link>http://mapmaker.rutgers.edu/MAPS.html</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:22:27 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[C. Szwedzicki: The North American Indian Works]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[Hosted by the University of Cincinnati Libraries, and featuring works held by that institution as well as by the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County, and the Yale Collection of Western Americana, this site makes 364 images and six texts on North American Indian art available online.  The image collection is composed of reproductions of pochoir prints (a technique producing the visual effect of silk screens) that appeared in six portfolios of Indian art issued by the French publisher C. Szwedzicki between 1929 and 1952.  The texts of these short portfolios &amp;ndash; numbering between ten and twenty pages each &amp;ndash; were authored by notable scholars and are available as searchable PDFs on the website.  Most are printed with English and French parallel texts.  Among the topics addressed are Kiowa Indian art, Pueblo Indian painting and pottery, Sioux Indian painting, and North American Indian costumes.  In addition to these original texts, an extended essay authored by Janet Catherine Berlo, Professor of Art History at the University of Rochester introduces the collection.  It argues that native art transformed from a cultural practice to an acknowledged modern art with pictorial narrative and audience over the first half of the twentieth century.  Berlo discusses each portfolio in the Szwedzicki collection in detail.  These texts are supplemented by the original artwork that appeared alongside the texts in Szwedzicki&amp;rsquo;s volumes.  The images include paintings, pottery and drawings.  Some &amp;ndash; like the large collection of water jugs &amp;ndash; are functional as well as decorative.  Other pieces of art document historical events (like the Battle of Bighorn, the Death of Crazy Horse and the Battle of Wounded Knee), rituals (like the scalp dance, the prayer for rain, the harvest festival and the snake dance), and everyday life (like the woman shampooing her hair).  All images are searchable across several fields including type of art, location, artist, keyword and date.  Registered users can resize images, add them to their virtual workspace, export them in a zip file, and create media groups and presentations on the site.  Users should note that media groups and presentations are deleted at the end of each academic term unless permission to continue is explicitly granted.]]></description>
		<link>http://digitalprojects.libraries.uc.edu/szwedzicki/index.asp</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:17:49 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Billy Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Ohio State University&amp;rsquo;s Bill Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum bills itself as &amp;ldquo;the largest and most comprehensive academic research facility documenting printed cartoon art.&amp;rdquo;  Though only a tiny fraction of its 450,000 original cartoons and 2,500,000 comic strip clippings and tear sheets are available for online viewing, the online presence of the library is carefully curated to provide maximum benefit to teachers.  A searchable database allows users to access individual cartoons and other images.  A catalog of published works and finding aids for cartoon collections at Ohio State are also available.  A bibliographical collection of how-to cartoon books, and on teaching with cartoons will be helpful for teachers.  Opper Project materials form the centerpiece of teaching materials available on the site.  Here K-12 American history teachers can find complete lesson plans and teaching materials that correspond to Ohio&amp;rsquo;s Social Studies framework.  Lesson plans are arranged by chronological themes and events, from Reconstruction through Nixon and Watergate.  Along with historical contextualization, relevant cartoons and student analysis worksheets, each lesson plan presents learning objectives, pre-assessment discussion questions, instructional steps, post-assessment questions and activities, and extension activities.  Each lesson plan indicates the grade level and course for which the assignments are relevant, though modifications could be made to accommodate other levels.  In addition to these teaching resources, the Billy Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum offers eight digital albums that trace particular cartoonists and collectors in various periods from the eighteenth century to the twentieth century.  Particularly useful for teachers is the &amp;ldquo;Thomas Nast: Prince of Caricaturists&amp;rdquo; album.  Along with a biography, timeline, portfolio, and bibliography of relevant material, the album provides a teacher&amp;rsquo;s guide to using Nast&amp;rsquo;s cartoons in the classroom.  Six digital exhibits parallel the curated exhibits shown at the Bill Ireland Cartoon Library and Museum.  These trace various cartoonists and publications.  Teachers will find &amp;ldquo;Drawn on Stone: Political Prints from the 1830s and 1840s&amp;rdquo; particularly interesting.  This exhibit includes contextualizing information about each print when the user rolls over the image.  ]]></description>
		<link>http://cartoons.osu.edu/</link>        <pubDate>Fri, 15 Oct 2010 15:11:35 EDT</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Riis Redux: Seeing the Light]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[Jacob A. Riis' photographs of New York's lower east side at the turn of the twentieth century have become iconic images of immigrant poverty. Historian Vincent DiGirolamo uses them to teach students to look and think harder about photography as a tool of social reform.]]></description>
		<link>http://picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/item.php?item_id=218</link>        <pubDate>Tue, 09 Feb 2010 15:01:52 EST</pubDate>
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        <title><![CDATA[Picturing The American West]]></title>
		<description><![CDATA[This essay provides a brief chronological overview of the visual evidence available for teaching about the American West. Lavender discusses some of the first representations of the region by the different populations that claimed it as their own, depictions of the West as a site of nineteenth-century U.S. expansionism, and visual materials that illustrate the complicated ways the region's distinctiveness has been represented into the twentieth century.]]></description>
		<link>http://picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/item.php?item_id=216</link>        <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2009 16:21:27 EDT</pubDate>
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